Bookmarks
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) sends a clue: Remember your homework for tomorrow.
Grammar Zod the Editor and Mr Herrmann: Is it tomorrow already?
My Riddles for Mr Herrmann (Elijah Price), who calls himself “The Riddler”.
The Unbreakable
http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/unbreakable
“Blessed are the hearts that can bend; they shall never be broken.”
“If I am to be fallen into love, I will. And if as a result I will appear to be stupid, disillusioned, and of poor judgment, I will. And I would be damned if I cared what other people think. For I would rather be thought of as all of these things, than not love. If in loving, I become the naked woman on the horse, I will ride that horse with my head held high. This is my spirit. I am unbreakable.”
“I cannot be broken. I cannot be killed. I cannot fail. This is my identity. This is my core. I am infinite. I am permanent. I am unbreakable.”
“There are two things that may happen to a person: the first is that you become so soft that no one and nothing can break you, and the second is that you become so hard that nothing and no one can break you. Either way you go, the path will be very painful. But herein is the great sadness of it all: that anyone must try to become something that cannot be broken (whether the soft or the hard). Why must we be born into a world where we must spend our lives struggling to become unbreakable?”
“Touch the untouchable, break the unbreakable.”
“Maybe I've got to be sufficiently broken by life's many broken promises to be sufficiently compelled to seek out God's unbreakable promises.”
Samuel L. Jackson in the Unbreakable
The Riddler (Frank Gorshin)
http://batman.wikia.com/wiki/The_Riddler_(Frank_Gorshin)
Weapons
“Steam Room - Used for holding kidnappees. The steam apparently causes their resistance to wilt.
Riddle Juice - Gives the victim amnesia.
Novelty cigarette lighter - In the shape of a handgun, it produces a flame when the “trigger is pulled”.
Instant Compound X - Used for making molds, i.e. can produce a mask that is an exact replica of the subject's face.
Wake-up and Sleeping Sprays - Makes kidnapping as easy as vandalizing a public building.
Laughing gas - Kept in pressurized gas tanks, so it can be pumped through a building's ventilation system.
Temper tonic - makes anyone lose their temper
The Riddler is a major enemy of Batman. Riddler is the original clue-dropping criminal. He delights in challenging Batman and Robin with his puzzles that he leaves behind at crime scenes, always pointing to where he will be next. Although he was a high school dropout, Riddler is still intelligent enough to give the Caped Crusaders plenty of headaches solving his clues, which are often many-layered and contain several possible solutions.
Biography
Edward Nigma, also known as the Riddler, undoubtedly has the highest IQ of all Batman's foes. Cold, aloof, and possessed of a steely wit, the Riddler challenges Batman to a duel of wits by leaving a trail of riddles, puzzles and cryptograms. In fact, he is psychologically incapable of committing any crime without offering a clue as to how he can be caught. Unfortunately for the Riddler, he has met his match in Batman who's always been able to decipher even his cleverest conundrums.
In the Batman movie, he comes up with six riddles (two of which were part of a trap for Batman).
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) does not want to know while she is close to tears over the question she poses to the Riddler, which should be a very simple riddle for him to solve:
“Now, Elijah Price, how many Batman’s have you attempted to create in the hope of solving your riddles? In my eyes, they are all superheroes!”
Riddle: Why is an orange like a bell?
Answer: Because both need to be peeled
Riddle: When is a person like a piece of wood?
Answer: When it's a ruler
Riddle: Question, what is it that no man wants, but no man wants to lose?
Answer: A lawsuit!
Riddle: What is black and white and red all over?
Answer: A newspaper
Riddle: What has yellow skin and writes?
Answer: A ball point banana!
Riddle: What people are always in a hurry?
Answer: Rushing people......Russians!
Robin: I've got it! Someone Russian is going to slip on a banana peel and break their neck!
Batman: Exactly Robin! It's the only possible answer!
Riddle: What is the beginning of eternity, the end of time and space, the beginning of every end and the end of every race?
Answer: The letter "E".
Riddle: When is a bonnet not a bonnet?
Answer: When it becomes a young woman!
Riddle: Why is a welder like a woman in love?
Answer: Because they both carry a torch!!
Riddle: When does a Boy Wonder rhyme with bubble?
Answer: "When he's in trouble"
Riddler: WRONG!!! When he's DOUBLE - SPLIT in two halves - right down the MIDDLE!!!!!!!
The Riddler
Real Name: Edward Nigma
Elijah Price
Simply, “The Professor”
Mr Herrmann
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) is furious with the so-called “Riddler”, as she strikes this chord:
“This is what I implied with bells peel when I nodded my head in agreement. What happened to the Church Bells being rung out across the town? A search engine agrees with my process of thinking, or is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Also, what was the significance of Robert Peel within that test? Not one of us agreed with it! Or, is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Beginning to remember me yet, so-called “Riddler?” The girl with one eye wants to make you CRY with blood!”
“In campanology (bell ringing), a peal is the name given to a specific type of performance of change ringing. The precise definition of a peal has changed considerably over the years. Currently, for a performance to be recognised as a peal by the Central Council for Church Bell Ringers it must consist of sufficient changes (at least 5040 changes on up to seven working bells or 5000 changes on higher numbers), meet a number of other criteria (collectively referred to as the decisions), and be published in The Ringing World. On typical tower bells a peal takes around three hours to ring; the precise length depends on factors including the exact number of changes and the weight of the bells.
Originally a peal referred to a set sequence of changes of any length, now more often referred to as a touch. The original meaning is still in use today in call-change ringing. The most famous and frequently rung call change peal, associated with the Devon Association of Ringers, is named 60 on 3rds. Related to this meaning is the practice of raising or lowering in peal, that is making the bells ready for change ringing by gradually increasing their swing until each bell is turning through a full circle, and then once ringing has finished returning them to their safe resting position by gradually reducing the amount of swing. A set of bells is sometimes called a peal of bells, but ringers usually prefer the name a ring of bells.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peal
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): “Now, let us get to the truth of the matter in my friends’ names and in the name of all the other superheroes you created. Did we help you with the forthcoming thought by mentioning the peal of bells, and if so what was your process of thinking when it came to Compleat Peal? Or, is that a clue…?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No, no, I shall not correct my grammar! It is a clue and if it makes you weep, I shall be smiling with delight as I file my nails with the sharpest knife I have in my house.
Probability theory
! : An alveolar or postalveolar click sign, a clue.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation
The rule to determine the number of permutations of n objects was known in Indian culture at least as early as around 1150: the Lilavati by the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II contains a passage that translates to the product of multiplication of the arithmetical series beginning and increasing by unity and continued to the number of places, will be the variations of number with specific figures.
Fabian Stedman in 1677 described factorials when explaining the number of permutations of bells in change ringing. Starting from two bells: "first, two must be admitted to be varied in two ways" which he illustrates by showing 1 2 and 2 1.
He then explains that with three bells there are "three times two figures to be produced out of three" which again is illustrated. His explanation involves "cast away 3, and 1.2 will remain; cast away 2, and 1.3 will remain; cast away 1, and 2.3 will remain". He then moves on to four bells and repeats the casting away argument showing that there will be four different sets of three. Effectively this is an recursive process. He continues with five bells using the "casting away" method and tabulates the resulting 120 combinations. At this point he gives up and remarks:
Now the nature of these methods is such, that the changes on one number comprehends the changes on all lesser numbers, ... insomuch that a compleat Peal of changes on one number seemeth to be formed by uniting of the compleat Peals on all lesser numbers into one entire body;
Stedman widens the consideration of permutations; he goes on to consider the number of permutations of the letters of the alphabet and horses from a stable of 20.
A first case in which seemingly unrelated mathematical questions were studied with the help of permutations occurred around 1770, when Joseph Louis Lagrange, in the study of polynomial equations, observed that properties of the permutations of the roots of an equation are related to the possibilities to solve it. This line of work ultimately resulted, through the work of Évariste Galois, in Galois theory, which gives a complete description of what is possible and impossible with respect to solving polynomial equations (in one unknown) by radicals. In modern mathematics there are many similar situations in which understanding a problem requires studying certain permutations related to it.
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): Is the grammar on Wikipedia atrocious? It does not bother me, I have always found it very useful. As in, Peal can be capitalised as says Fabian Stedman, whilst using a metaphor of the peeling of bells.
There is no Robert Peel in anyone’s name, but yours: “Elijah Price.”
Factorial sequences? I shall give it a bash with honour. Is it amusing to you, my slit throat? I have always found it to be my mark of a battle well-fought!
A clue:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial#Superfactorial
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No cheating now, “Professor.” You may only study from Wikipedia.
Ms. Wilshaw is sharpening her nails very finely with a meat cleaver.
Ms. Wilshaw: How is that for !
(Whistles Bernard-Herrmann.)
Bookmarks
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) sends a clue: Remember your homework for tomorrow.
Grammar Zod the Editor and Mr Herrmann: Is it tomorrow already?
My Riddles for Mr Herrmann (Elijah Price), who calls himself “The Riddler”.
The Unbreakable
http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/unbreakable
“Blessed are the hearts that can bend; they shall never be broken.”
“If I am to be fallen into love, I will. And if as a result I will appear to be stupid, disillusioned, and of poor judgment, I will. And I would be damned if I cared what other people think. For I would rather be thought of as all of these things, than not love. If in loving, I become the naked woman on the horse, I will ride that horse with my head held high. This is my spirit. I am unbreakable.”
“I cannot be broken. I cannot be killed. I cannot fail. This is my identity. This is my core. I am infinite. I am permanent. I am unbreakable.”
“There are two things that may happen to a person: the first is that you become so soft that no one and nothing can break you, and the second is that you become so hard that nothing and no one can break you. Either way you go, the path will be very painful. But herein is the great sadness of it all: that anyone must try to become something that cannot be broken (whether the soft or the hard). Why must we be born into a world where we must spend our lives struggling to become unbreakable?”
“Touch the untouchable, break the unbreakable.”
“Maybe I've got to be sufficiently broken by life's many broken promises to be sufficiently compelled to seek out God's unbreakable promises.”
Samuel L. Jackson in the Unbreakable
The Riddler (Frank Gorshin)
http://batman.wikia.com/wiki/The_Riddler_(Frank_Gorshin)
Weapons
“Steam Room - Used for holding kidnappees. The steam apparently causes their resistance to wilt.
Riddle Juice - Gives the victim amnesia.
Novelty cigarette lighter - In the shape of a handgun, it produces a flame when the “trigger is pulled”.
Instant Compound X - Used for making molds, i.e. can produce a mask that is an exact replica of the subject's face.
Wake-up and Sleeping Sprays - Makes kidnapping as easy as vandalizing a public building.
Laughing gas - Kept in pressurized gas tanks, so it can be pumped through a building's ventilation system.
Temper tonic - makes anyone lose their temper
The Riddler is a major enemy of Batman. Riddler is the original clue-dropping criminal. He delights in challenging Batman and Robin with his puzzles that he leaves behind at crime scenes, always pointing to where he will be next. Although he was a high school dropout, Riddler is still intelligent enough to give the Caped Crusaders plenty of headaches solving his clues, which are often many-layered and contain several possible solutions.
Biography
Edward Nigma, also known as the Riddler, undoubtedly has the highest IQ of all Batman's foes. Cold, aloof, and possessed of a steely wit, the Riddler challenges Batman to a duel of wits by leaving a trail of riddles, puzzles and cryptograms. In fact, he is psychologically incapable of committing any crime without offering a clue as to how he can be caught. Unfortunately for the Riddler, he has met his match in Batman who's always been able to decipher even his cleverest conundrums.
In the Batman movie, he comes up with six riddles (two of which were part of a trap for Batman).
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) does not want to know while she is close to tears over the question she poses to the Riddler, which should be a very simple riddle for him to solve:
“Now, Elijah Price, how many Batman’s have you attempted to create in the hope of solving your riddles? In my eyes, they are all superheroes!”
Riddle: Why is an orange like a bell?
Answer: Because both need to be peeled
Riddle: When is a person like a piece of wood?
Answer: When it's a ruler
Riddle: Question, what is it that no man wants, but no man wants to lose?
Answer: A lawsuit!
Riddle: What is black and white and red all over?
Answer: A newspaper
Riddle: What has yellow skin and writes?
Answer: A ball point banana!
Riddle: What people are always in a hurry?
Answer: Rushing people......Russians!
Robin: I've got it! Someone Russian is going to slip on a banana peel and break their neck!
Batman: Exactly Robin! It's the only possible answer!
Riddle: What is the beginning of eternity, the end of time and space, the beginning of every end and the end of every race?
Answer: The letter "E".
Riddle: When is a bonnet not a bonnet?
Answer: When it becomes a young woman!
Riddle: Why is a welder like a woman in love?
Answer: Because they both carry a torch!!
Riddle: When does a Boy Wonder rhyme with bubble?
Answer: "When he's in trouble"
Riddler: WRONG!!! When he's DOUBLE - SPLIT in two halves - right down the MIDDLE!!!!!!!
The Riddler
Real Name: Edward Nigma
Elijah Price
Simply, “The Professor”
Mr Herrmann
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) is furious with the so-called “Riddler”, as she strikes this chord:
“This is what I implied with bells peel when I nodded my head in agreement. What happened to the Church Bells being rung out across the town? A search engine agrees with my process of thinking, or is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Also, what was the significance of Robert Peel within that test? Not one of us agreed with it! Or, is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Beginning to remember me yet, so-called “Riddler?” The girl with one eye wants to make you CRY with blood!”
“In campanology (bell ringing), a peal is the name given to a specific type of performance of change ringing. The precise definition of a peal has changed considerably over the years. Currently, for a performance to be recognised as a peal by the Central Council for Church Bell Ringers it must consist of sufficient changes (at least 5040 changes on up to seven working bells or 5000 changes on higher numbers), meet a number of other criteria (collectively referred to as the decisions), and be published in The Ringing World. On typical tower bells a peal takes around three hours to ring; the precise length depends on factors including the exact number of changes and the weight of the bells.
Originally a peal referred to a set sequence of changes of any length, now more often referred to as a touch. The original meaning is still in use today in call-change ringing. The most famous and frequently rung call change peal, associated with the Devon Association of Ringers, is named 60 on 3rds. Related to this meaning is the practice of raising or lowering in peal, that is making the bells ready for change ringing by gradually increasing their swing until each bell is turning through a full circle, and then once ringing has finished returning them to their safe resting position by gradually reducing the amount of swing. A set of bells is sometimes called a peal of bells, but ringers usually prefer the name a ring of bells.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peal
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): “Now, let us get to the truth of the matter in my friends’ names and in the name of all the other superheroes you created. Did we help you with the forthcoming thought by mentioning the peal of bells, and if so what was your process of thinking when it came to Compleat Peal? Or, is that a clue…?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No, no, I shall not correct my grammar! It is a clue and if it makes you weep, I shall be smiling with delight as I file my nails with the sharpest knife I have in my house.
Probability theory
! : An alveolar or postalveolar click sign, a clue.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation
The rule to determine the number of permutations of n objects was known in Indian culture at least as early as around 1150: the Lilavati by the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II contains a passage that translates to the product of multiplication of the arithmetical series beginning and increasing by unity and continued to the number of places, will be the variations of number with specific figures.
Fabian Stedman in 1677 described factorials when explaining the number of permutations of bells in change ringing. Starting from two bells: "first, two must be admitted to be varied in two ways" which he illustrates by showing 1 2 and 2 1.
He then explains that with three bells there are "three times two figures to be produced out of three" which again is illustrated. His explanation involves "cast away 3, and 1.2 will remain; cast away 2, and 1.3 will remain; cast away 1, and 2.3 will remain". He then moves on to four bells and repeats the casting away argument showing that there will be four different sets of three. Effectively this is an recursive process. He continues with five bells using the "casting away" method and tabulates the resulting 120 combinations. At this point he gives up and remarks:
Now the nature of these methods is such, that the changes on one number comprehends the changes on all lesser numbers, ... insomuch that a compleat Peal of changes on one number seemeth to be formed by uniting of the compleat Peals on all lesser numbers into one entire body;
Stedman widens the consideration of permutations; he goes on to consider the number of permutations of the letters of the alphabet and horses from a stable of 20.
A first case in which seemingly unrelated mathematical questions were studied with the help of permutations occurred around 1770, when Joseph Louis Lagrange, in the study of polynomial equations, observed that properties of the permutations of the roots of an equation are related to the possibilities to solve it. This line of work ultimately resulted, through the work of Évariste Galois, in Galois theory, which gives a complete description of what is possible and impossible with respect to solving polynomial equations (in one unknown) by radicals. In modern mathematics there are many similar situations in which understanding a problem requires studying certain permutations related to it.
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): Is the grammar on Wikipedia atrocious? It does not bother me, I have always found it very useful. As in, Peal can be capitalised as says Fabian Stedman, whilst using a metaphor of the peeling of bells.
There is no Robert Peel in anyone’s name, but yours: “Elijah Price.”
Factorial sequences? I shall give it a bash with honour. Is it amusing to you, my slit throat? I have always found it to be my mark of a battle well-fought!
A clue:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial#Superfactorial
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No cheating now, “Professor.” You may only study from Wikipedia.
Ms. Wilshaw is sharpening her nails very finely with a meat cleaver.
Ms. Wilshaw: How is that for !
(Whistles Bernard-Herrmann.)
Bookmarks
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) sends a clue: Remember your homework for tomorrow.
Grammar Zod the Editor and Mr Herrmann: Is it tomorrow already?
My Riddles for Mr Herrmann (Elijah Price), who calls himself “The Riddler”.
The Unbreakable
http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/unbreakable
“Blessed are the hearts that can bend; they shall never be broken.”
“If I am to be fallen into love, I will. And if as a result I will appear to be stupid, disillusioned, and of poor judgment, I will. And I would be damned if I cared what other people think. For I would rather be thought of as all of these things, than not love. If in loving, I become the naked woman on the horse, I will ride that horse with my head held high. This is my spirit. I am unbreakable.”
“I cannot be broken. I cannot be killed. I cannot fail. This is my identity. This is my core. I am infinite. I am permanent. I am unbreakable.”
“There are two things that may happen to a person: the first is that you become so soft that no one and nothing can break you, and the second is that you become so hard that nothing and no one can break you. Either way you go, the path will be very painful. But herein is the great sadness of it all: that anyone must try to become something that cannot be broken (whether the soft or the hard). Why must we be born into a world where we must spend our lives struggling to become unbreakable?”
“Touch the untouchable, break the unbreakable.”
“Maybe I've got to be sufficiently broken by life's many broken promises to be sufficiently compelled to seek out God's unbreakable promises.”
Samuel L. Jackson in the Unbreakable
The Riddler (Frank Gorshin)
http://batman.wikia.com/wiki/The_Riddler_(Frank_Gorshin)
Weapons
“Steam Room - Used for holding kidnappees. The steam apparently causes their resistance to wilt.
Riddle Juice - Gives the victim amnesia.
Novelty cigarette lighter - In the shape of a handgun, it produces a flame when the “trigger is pulled”.
Instant Compound X - Used for making molds, i.e. can produce a mask that is an exact replica of the subject's face.
Wake-up and Sleeping Sprays - Makes kidnapping as easy as vandalizing a public building.
Laughing gas - Kept in pressurized gas tanks, so it can be pumped through a building's ventilation system.
Temper tonic - makes anyone lose their temper
The Riddler is a major enemy of Batman. Riddler is the original clue-dropping criminal. He delights in challenging Batman and Robin with his puzzles that he leaves behind at crime scenes, always pointing to where he will be next. Although he was a high school dropout, Riddler is still intelligent enough to give the Caped Crusaders plenty of headaches solving his clues, which are often many-layered and contain several possible solutions.
Biography
Edward Nigma, also known as the Riddler, undoubtedly has the highest IQ of all Batman's foes. Cold, aloof, and possessed of a steely wit, the Riddler challenges Batman to a duel of wits by leaving a trail of riddles, puzzles and cryptograms. In fact, he is psychologically incapable of committing any crime without offering a clue as to how he can be caught. Unfortunately for the Riddler, he has met his match in Batman who's always been able to decipher even his cleverest conundrums.
In the Batman movie, he comes up with six riddles (two of which were part of a trap for Batman).
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) does not want to know while she is close to tears over the question she poses to the Riddler, which should be a very simple riddle for him to solve:
“Now, Elijah Price, how many Batman’s have you attempted to create in the hope of solving your riddles? In my eyes, they are all superheroes!”
Riddle: Why is an orange like a bell?
Answer: Because both need to be peeled
Riddle: When is a person like a piece of wood?
Answer: When it's a ruler
Riddle: Question, what is it that no man wants, but no man wants to lose?
Answer: A lawsuit!
Riddle: What is black and white and red all over?
Answer: A newspaper
Riddle: What has yellow skin and writes?
Answer: A ball point banana!
Riddle: What people are always in a hurry?
Answer: Rushing people......Russians!
Robin: I've got it! Someone Russian is going to slip on a banana peel and break their neck!
Batman: Exactly Robin! It's the only possible answer!
Riddle: What is the beginning of eternity, the end of time and space, the beginning of every end and the end of every race?
Answer: The letter "E".
Riddle: When is a bonnet not a bonnet?
Answer: When it becomes a young woman!
Riddle: Why is a welder like a woman in love?
Answer: Because they both carry a torch!!
Riddle: When does a Boy Wonder rhyme with bubble?
Answer: "When he's in trouble"
Riddler: WRONG!!! When he's DOUBLE - SPLIT in two halves - right down the MIDDLE!!!!!!!
The Riddler
Real Name: Edward Nigma
Elijah Price
Simply, “The Professor”
Mr Herrmann
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate) is furious with the so-called “Riddler”, as she strikes this chord:
“This is what I implied with bells peel when I nodded my head in agreement. What happened to the Church Bells being rung out across the town? A search engine agrees with my process of thinking, or is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Also, what was the significance of Robert Peel within that test? Not one of us agreed with it! Or, is that a clue?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Beginning to remember me yet, so-called “Riddler?” The girl with one eye wants to make you CRY with blood!”
“In campanology (bell ringing), a peal is the name given to a specific type of performance of change ringing. The precise definition of a peal has changed considerably over the years. Currently, for a performance to be recognised as a peal by the Central Council for Church Bell Ringers it must consist of sufficient changes (at least 5040 changes on up to seven working bells or 5000 changes on higher numbers), meet a number of other criteria (collectively referred to as the decisions), and be published in The Ringing World. On typical tower bells a peal takes around three hours to ring; the precise length depends on factors including the exact number of changes and the weight of the bells.
Originally a peal referred to a set sequence of changes of any length, now more often referred to as a touch. The original meaning is still in use today in call-change ringing. The most famous and frequently rung call change peal, associated with the Devon Association of Ringers, is named 60 on 3rds. Related to this meaning is the practice of raising or lowering in peal, that is making the bells ready for change ringing by gradually increasing their swing until each bell is turning through a full circle, and then once ringing has finished returning them to their safe resting position by gradually reducing the amount of swing. A set of bells is sometimes called a peal of bells, but ringers usually prefer the name a ring of bells.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peal
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): “Now, let us get to the truth of the matter in my friends’ names and in the name of all the other superheroes you created. Did we help you with the forthcoming thought by mentioning the peal of bells, and if so what was your process of thinking when it came to Compleat Peal? Or, is that a clue…?
Elijah Price:...Grammar!
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No, no, I shall not correct my grammar! It is a clue and if it makes you weep, I shall be smiling with delight as I file my nails with the sharpest knife I have in my house.
Probability theory
! : An alveolar or postalveolar click sign, a clue.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation
The rule to determine the number of permutations of n objects was known in Indian culture at least as early as around 1150: the Lilavati by the Indian mathematician Bhaskara II contains a passage that translates to the product of multiplication of the arithmetical series beginning and increasing by unity and continued to the number of places, will be the variations of number with specific figures.
Fabian Stedman in 1677 described factorials when explaining the number of permutations of bells in change ringing. Starting from two bells: "first, two must be admitted to be varied in two ways" which he illustrates by showing 1 2 and 2 1.
He then explains that with three bells there are "three times two figures to be produced out of three" which again is illustrated. His explanation involves "cast away 3, and 1.2 will remain; cast away 2, and 1.3 will remain; cast away 1, and 2.3 will remain". He then moves on to four bells and repeats the casting away argument showing that there will be four different sets of three. Effectively this is an recursive process. He continues with five bells using the "casting away" method and tabulates the resulting 120 combinations. At this point he gives up and remarks:
Now the nature of these methods is such, that the changes on one number comprehends the changes on all lesser numbers, ... insomuch that a compleat Peal of changes on one number seemeth to be formed by uniting of the compleat Peals on all lesser numbers into one entire body;
Stedman widens the consideration of permutations; he goes on to consider the number of permutations of the letters of the alphabet and horses from a stable of 20.
A first case in which seemingly unrelated mathematical questions were studied with the help of permutations occurred around 1770, when Joseph Louis Lagrange, in the study of polynomial equations, observed that properties of the permutations of the roots of an equation are related to the possibilities to solve it. This line of work ultimately resulted, through the work of Évariste Galois, in Galois theory, which gives a complete description of what is possible and impossible with respect to solving polynomial equations (in one unknown) by radicals. In modern mathematics there are many similar situations in which understanding a problem requires studying certain permutations related to it.
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): Is the grammar on Wikipedia atrocious? It does not bother me, I have always found it very useful. As in, Peal can be capitalised as says Fabian Stedman, whilst using a metaphor of the peeling of bells.
There is no Robert Peel in anyone’s name, but yours: “Elijah Price.”
Factorial sequences? I shall give it a bash with honour. Is it amusing to you, my slit throat? I have always found it to be my mark of a battle well-fought!
A clue:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial#Superfactorial
Ms. Wilshaw (The Pirate): No cheating now, “Professor.” You may only study from Wikipedia.
Ms. Wilshaw is sharpening her nails very finely with a meat cleaver.
Ms. Wilshaw: How is that for !
(Whistles Bernard-Herrmann.)
How dare you disregard my intelligence and wave it away due to past discrepancies.
Read and weep, Riddler.
Let me see how well you attempt these test/riddles that I am setting on you.
Yours sincerely,
The Girl with one Eye.
Ms. Irene Adler.
Riddles of the “Riddler”
Ms. Snowe: So, where was I?
Chalkboard:
Variable Formula
3? 10? = V
Ms. Snowe: A puzzler. No, I prefer propositional logic for this.
Chalkboard:
Wikipedia: Not well-formed. Submit it to verification with a truth table or by use of the “laws.”
Ms. Snowe: Hmm. It has been a very long time since I did this sort of maths. An implication? Let me attempt!
Chalkboard:
“Saying it has been ten years, but if three times will not be forever then it has not been ten years, implies that three times is not forever.”
Ms. Snowe: Do I think that argument is valid? Let me attempt to convert it!
Chalkboard:
Ten years BUT three times will? NOT be forever THEN ten years IMPLIES three times is NOT forever (\neq?) = ?????????
Ms. Snowe: True or False? Fucking maths!
Chalkboard:
A, X, C, B = True/False
(Not) X = be forever
(But) A = 10 years
(Then) B = be forever
(Implies) C = IF A then B.
It will not be forever, but in ten years, then it will be forever as it implies
= IF A then B.
C = IF 10 years, then be forever.
Ms. Snowe: IF 10 years is true, then be forever. I need to determine the value of infinity.
Chalkboard:
Excel
=IF (A+B ()>0, “TRUE”, “FALSE”)
Constraint logic programming
A (But), X (Not), Y (Not), B (Then), C (Implies)
(But) A= 10 years
(Not) X= 3 times
(Not) Y= IEEE 754
Greater than zero = IEEE 754 – it can be either.
Lim
As x approaches infinity, then x (cubed) approaches 0.
Greater than 0, the limit is infinity (or –infinity).
Less than 0, the limit is 0.
(Then) B= IEEE 754
(Not) X= 3 (times)
(Implies) C= 3 (times)
(Not) Y= IEEE 754
A(X, Y): greater than zero, then B(X) and C(Y) are true.
True statement
BUT Ten Years is (NOT Three Times, is NOT Infinity), then INFINITY (NOT Three Times) and IMPLIES (Three Times NOT Infinity) are true.
Tautology
Ms. Snowe: then INFINITY (not three times) and IMPLIES (three times not infinity) are true.
Chalkboard:
Wikipedia: Logical truth because they are true due to their incoherent structure and not because of any facts of the world. A logical truth is considered to be a statement which is true under all possible interpretations.
“Truth Bearer” i.e. “The Riddler”
Ms. Snowe: It cannot be for infinity, but infinity can be.
(Ms. Snowe smiles.)
Ms. Snowe: Can I work out how many people have been put under this curse by these children? A variable formula, hmm. That was my original point and of the upmost importance to me, now hang on…I am distracted again.
Chalkboard:
VX = Astral Plane. Vx=Dx/t, t=dx/vx
Logic
(VX) Astral Plane = (DX) Time Travel/t
T = (DX) time travel/(VX) astral plane
Ms. Snowe: Ha!
Chalkboard:
(v)Velocity = (d) Distance Travel/(t)Time
Ms. Snowe: Hmm. Physics? I prefer logic and philosophy.
Chalkboard:
Semantics
VX = Assumption
Computer Science
DX = Variable
Assumption Astral Plane = Variable Time Travel/t
T = Variable Time Travel/Assumption Astral Plane
(Ms. Snowe begins another brainteaser with a smile, because this is entertainment that she creates for herself.)
Chalkboard:
My Reasoning:
VX (Assumption Astral Plane) = DX (Variable Time Travel)/Time
V (Velocity), D (Distance Travel), T(Time)
Velocity = Distance Travel/Time
Variable equation? Doubt it. Logic and philosophy is always better.
VX=DX/T
V=D/T
Division of Logic
It is usual to divide logic into two branches: formal and real logic.
Ms. Snowe: I prefer Aristotelian and mathematical logic, but I am intrigued by these four causes: Efficient, Material, Formal and Final.
Fallacy of Division interpreted to my reasoning:
(Formal) Reasons logically that something true for the whole must be true of all or some of its parts. (Two Formal Causes?!)
(Material) Emergence – theories of integrative levels and of complex systems.
(Efficient) Particle physics – that at such a higher mass, via substantial conglomeration, exhibit motion as modelled in gravitational physics. (Is gravitational physics my final cause? No. It is a separate cause. Two Efficient causes?!)
(Final) Aetiology – is the study of causation, or origination. Bingo!
VX=DX/T, V=D/T
Formal and the Variable – Aristotle
Causality is the agency or efficacy that connects one process (the formal) with another (efficient), where the first is understood to be fully responsible for the second.
- The rest of the terminology can be found on google or Wikipedia, the rest is my reasoning of logic.
- So, this is assumption astral plane (the formal) and variable time travel (the formal)?
My Reasoning on Aetiology
Formal = VX (Assumption Astral Plane)
Formal = DX (Variable Time Travel)
Efficient = V(Velocity considered particle and gravitational.)
Efficient = D (Distance considered particle and gravitational.)
Temporal Logic = T (Time)
Fibonacci
“The puzzle that Fibonacci posed (that I altered)…”
1. At the end of the first month, Assumption and Variable mate, but there is only one pair (Formal). 2. At the end of the second month, Formal (Assumption and Variable) produces a new pair Efficient (Velocity), so now there are 2 pairs of Logic in the “Field.” 3. At the end of the third month, the Formal produces another second pair Efficient (Distance), making 3 pairs of Logic in all of the “Field.” 4. At the end of the fourth month, the original Formal has produced Temporal (Time), the Efficient born two months ago produces her first pair also, making 5 pairs?
I am missing a pair - (Material Emergence.)
Ms. Snowe: Let me reword:
Wikipedia: In Formal logic, rules of inference are usually given in the following standard:
Premises 1, 2, 3, 4 = conclusion.
My Reasoning:
1. (Formal Assumption AND Variable) mate, BUT there is only one pair of Logic in the Universe, which is the female of Assumption Astral Plane and Variable Time Travel. 2. (Formal Assumption AND Variable) produces a new pair which is Efficient Velocity, so now there are 2 pairs of Logic in the Universe. 3. (Formal Assumption AND Variable) produces a second pair which is Efficient Distance, making 3 pairs of Logic in all the Universe. 4. (Formal Assumption AND Variable) has produced Temporal Time, and the (Efficient Velocity) produces her first pair which is Material Emergence, making 5 pairs of Logic.
Final Logic Conclusion – Aetiology, THE STUDY OF CAUSATION OR ORIGINATION
Reiteration
1, 2, 3 = 4 (Formal Assumption AND Variable) has produced Temporal Time, then Efficient (Velocity) produces her first pair which is Material Emergence, making 5 pairs of Logic in the Universe.
Conclusion: STUDY OF CAUSATION OR ORIGINATION
Greek
There is no universal agreement as to the exact scope and subject matter of Logic, but it has traditionally included the classification of arguments, the systematic exposition of the 'logical form' common to all valid arguments, and the study of fallacies and paradoxes. Since the mid-1800s logic has been commonly studied in mathematics, and, even more recently, in computer science.
- Wikipedia on the subject of Logic
(Ms. Snowe shrugs her shoulders.)
End of School Day.
Reminder to self: Formal and Real Logic.
Riddles of the “Riddler” Continued…
Chalkboard:
Formal and Real Logic
Formal – (First-Order), which I believe to be thought.
Real – (Second-order), which I believe to be reason.
Wikipedia: Specific relation of logical support between the assumptions of the argument and its conclusion.
Ms. Snowe: Sentences 1, 2, 3 = 4 = support my conclusion.
Support of Conclusion
‘…therefore, hence, ergo…”
Wikipedia: The form of an argument is a schematic way of representing what is common to all arguments.
Aristotle
First order logic – quantified variables over (non-logical*) objects.
My reasoning:
X = quantified variables, over, X = non-logical.
Bingo!
Wikipedia: Deductive for first-order logic which are both sound and complete (all statements which are true in all modes are provable.)
Principle of Bivalence
Second order logic: P (or set) (variable), x (man), either X is in P or it is not – principle of bivalence.
Both first-order and second-order logic used the idea of a domain of discourse, (often called simply the “causality” of the “universe”)
– altered a little to suit my reasoning.
Gödel’s incompleteness theorem
There is no deductive system (no notion of provability) for second-order formulas that simultaneously satisfy these three desired attributes:
Soundness – every provable second-order sentence is universally valid, i.e. true in all domains under standard semantics.
Completeness – every universally second-order formula, under standard semantics, is provable.
Effectiveness – There is a proof-checking algorithm that can correctly decide whether a given sequence of symbols (words? – my reasoning) is proof or not.
Henkin semantics
Thus once the domain of the first-order variables is established, the meaning of the remaining quantifiers is fixed. It is these semantics that give second-order logic its expressive power.
Vaananen
As with second-order logic, we cannot really choose whether we aximoatize mathematics using V or ZFC. The result is the same in both cases, as ZFC is the best attempt so far to use V as an axiomatization of mathematics.
My Reasoning:
ZFC – Bingo!
Second-order Arithmetic
Axiomatic systems that formalise the natural numbers and their subsets. It is an alternative to axiomatic set theory, as a foundation for much, but not all, of mathematics.
Quantification over sets of numbers as well as number themselves. Real numbers can be represented…
My Reasoning
…as infinite, bingo!
Second-order Arithmetic
Sets of natural numbers in well-known ways, and because second order arithmetic allows quantification over such sets, it is possible to formalise the real numbers in second-order arithmetic. For this reason, second-order arithmetic is sometimes called “analysis.”
Peano Arithmetic:
A set of axioms for the natural numbers, these axioms have been used nearly unchanged in a number of mathematical investigations, including research into fundamental questions of whether number theory is consistent and complete.
Ms. Snowe: Bingo, again!
1. The first axiom asserts the existence of at least one member of the set of natural numbers. 2. The next four axioms are general statements about equality, “axioms of the underlying logic.” 3. The next three axioms are first-order statements about natural numbers expressing the fundamental properties of the successor operation. 4. The ninth and final axiom is a second order statement of the principle of mathematical induction over natural numbers.
Ms. Snowe: A weaker Peano arithmetic system? Has it just been disregarded? Hmm.
Peano Arithmetic System
Obtained by explicitly adding the addition and multiplication operation symbols and replacing the second-order induction axiom with a first-order axiom schema.
Ms. Snowe: Bingo!
Schematic (Property or Relation)
Free number variable (n) and possible other free number or set variables (written m. and x.)
Induction axiom (Property or Relation)
Z= {n\squiggle (n)} of natural numbers satisfying squiggle (n)/
My Reasoning:
Squiggle = IEEE 754
M and X = {m\IEEE 754 (x)}
T/N = Free number set variables (Infinity and Eternity.)
Wikipedia: It may not contain the variable Z. However, all theorems of ZFC are, quite surprisingly, finitely axiomatised.
Ms. Snowe: Atomised, bingo!
Higher-order Logic
Schematic variables in first-order logic are usually trivially eliminable in second-order logic, because a schematic variable is often a placeholder for any property or relation over the individual’s theory. This is the case with the schemata of induction and replacement. Higher-order logic allows quantified variables to range over all possible properties or relations.
Ms. Snowe: Let me attempt to convert!
My Reasoning:
Sentences 1, 2, 3 = 4 = Conclusion.
Underlying Logic of Axioms
M and X = (Time Travel* Assumption Astral Plane*) Formal
(M and X) Set = (Assumption Astral Plane and Time Travel) Formal
V = (Velocity) Higher-order
D = (Distance) Second-order
Final Axiom
D = (Distance) Second-order
IEEE 754 (N) = (Eternity IEEE 754) Second-order Arithmetic
V = (Velocity) Higher-order
IEEE 754 (T) = (Infinity IEEE 754) Second-order Induction
First-order Axiom Schema
ZFC = Material Emergence.
1. Formal Logic M and X asserts the existence of one member as a set (M and X). 2. Formal Logic (M AND X) produces Higher-order Velocity (V), which are all underlying logic of axioms. 3. Formal Logic (M AND X) produces Second-order Distance (D) and an axiom of natural numbers express the fundamental properties of the successor (M AND X). 4. The final axiom is Second-order (D) as the principle of mathematical induction over natural numbers. Formal (M AND X) has to produce Second-order Eternity
(N). Higher-order Velocity has to produce Second-order Infinity for them all to set Material Emergence (ZFC) into motion.
Assumption Astral Plane: ZFC = {m\IEEE 754(x)} of natural numbers (D) satisfying IEEE 754(N)
Variable Time Travel: ZFC = {m\IEEE 754(x)} of natural numbers (V) satisfying IEEE 754(T)
ZFC = {m\IEEE 7 (x)} of (D) satisfying IEEE 754(N)
ZFC = {m\IEEE 754 (x)} of (V) satisfying IEEE 754(T)
(Ms. Snowe wonders if this formula is suggesting a logical statement that if she wants and wishes to reach the assumption astral plane, then she will need variable time travel and believe in infinite death.)
Ms. Snowe: Now there, I shall admit defeat for the time being.
Riddles of the “Riddler” Dismissed.
Formula of the Lost Yukon Wolverine
Chalkboard:
ZFC = {m\IEEE 7 (x)} of (D) satisfying IEEE 754(N)
ZFC = {m\IEEE 754 (x)} of (V) satisfying IEEE 754(T)
Ms. Snowe: Admit defeat to the time being, yes. What about the astral planes?
M = H20
X = C02
(M AND X) set = Hybridisation of Drowning
D = Not this formula
V = Viscosity
N = Not this formula
T = Basalt Lava
IEEE 754 = Vaccination (M AND X) set.
-IEEE 754 = Protection (T) set.
Ms. Snowe: Forget ZFC.
Wikipedia babbles.
My Reasoning:
X = Wood or Olive Oil.
T = Eternal flame, as in fire? I prefer Natural Gas!
-IEEE 7 = extinguished, how? Eruption of Volcano? Hmm.
? = {? + (wood or olive oil) of Viscosity satisfying extinguished/erupted?? (Volcano)
Volcanic Rock
Wikipedia: Magma erupted from a volcano. It differs from other igneous rock by being of volcanic in origin.
Ms. Snowe: Eureka!
Wikipedia: Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth’s surface, particularly in the oceans…
Ms. Snowe: Hmm.
Wikipedia: On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces.
Ms. Snowe: Bingo!
Basalt Lava:
Wikipedia: Basalt is a common extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon. Flood basalt describes the formation in a series of lava basalt flows.
Tectonic plates are composed predominantly of basalt, which are produced from upwelling mantle.
Ms. Snowe: Hydrothermal ore and volcanogenic massive sulphide.
Wikipedia:
Deposits: New Brunswick, Canada. Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal and Spain.
Wolverine deposit: Yukon, Canada.
Ms. Snowe: Have I found home?
My Reasoning:
? = {m\IEEE 754 (x)} of (V) satisfying IEEE 754(T)
Yukon Wolverines = {? + (wood or olive oil)} of satisfying Viscosity with honey, Hydrothermal ore, volcanogenic massive sulphide (Basaltic Lava).
Ms. Snowe: Let me attempt to convert this!
Yukon Wolverines = {H20*C02}
Ms. Snowe: H2CO hybridization, hmm.
{H20*C02}
Ms. Snowe: Hybridization, drowning? Or just enough…?
{H20*C02+ (linseed oil)} satisfying Viscosity with Honey+FeS2-(+Basalt?)(Lava).
My Reasoning:
I will need a true/false formula somehow, before attempt.
The act of drowning as the CO2 and H20 hybridise, but with edible linseed oil it may just be possible to survive drowning as a vaccination.
Combination of iron and sulphur, which is pyrite. Fool’s gold, eh? That will create a spark against steel. I do like the idea of honey as viscosity, even if it is a personal preference. They will all be a protection from the fall into (Basalt) Lava, I must believe.
Wikipedia: Superfluidity is a state of matter in which the matter behaves like zero viscosity, where it appears to exhibit the ability to self-propel and travel in a way that defies the forces of gravity and surface tension.
Ms. Snowe: …Hmm. Superconductivity. Am I back at Tesla? I need that book, Amazon! Well, who the hell has hydrogen sulphide? They are disgusting, whoever they are! Hmm. This conclusion is not completed.
Ms. Snowe: Linseed oil is edible, hmm. That I can believe, ha! When I have my logic statement which has been proven to be a tautology, then I will believe. Also, Basalt intrigues my reasoning…
End of Publication
To Follow...The Yukon Wolverines